history of akbar empire

 Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar [7] (Persian: ابو الفتح جلال الدين محمد اكبر; October 1542 [a] - October 27, 1605), [10] [11] popularly known as Akbar the Great, [12] (Akbar-i-azam اکبر اعظم), and also as Akbar I (IPA: [əkbər]), [13] was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father , Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor to expand and consolidate the Mughal domains in India.

A strong personality and a successful general, Akbar gradually expanded the Mughal Empire to include much of the Indian subcontinent. His power and influence, however, extended across the entire subcontinent due to Mughal military, political, cultural and economic domination. To unify the vast Mughal state, Akbar established a centralized system of administration throughout his empire and adopted a policy of reconciling conquered rulers through marriage and diplomacy. To preserve peace and order in a diverse religious and cultural empire, he adopted policies that won him the support of his non-Muslim subjects. Fleeing from tribal ties and the identity of the Islamic State, Akbar strove to unify the distant lands of his kingdom through loyalty, expressed through an Indo-Persian culture, to himself as emperor. .

Mughal India has developed a strong and stable economy, leading to trade expansion and greater patronage of culture. Akbar himself was a patron of art and culture. He loved literature and created a library of over 24,000 volumes written in Sanskrit, Urdu, Persian, Greek, Latin, Arabic and Kashmiri, made up of many scholars, translators, artists, calligraphers, scribes, bookbinders and readers. He did much of the cataloging himself through three main groups. [14] Akbar also established the Fatehpur Sikri library exclusively for women, [15] and he decreed that schools for the education of Muslims and Hindus should be established throughout the kingdom. He also encouraged bookbinding to become a high art. [14] Holy men of many denominations, poets, architects and craftsmen adorned his court around the world for study and discussion. Akbar Courts in Delhi, Agra and Fatehpur Sikri have become centers of arts, letters and learning. The Timurid and Perso-Islamic culture began to merge and blend with native Indian elements, and a distinct Indo-Persian culture emerged characterized by Mughal style arts, painting, and architecture. Disappointed with orthodox Islam and perhaps hoping to bring religious unity within his empire, Akbar promulgated Din-i-Ilahi, a syncretic creed derived primarily from Islam and Hinduism as well as parts of it. of Zoroastrianism and Christianity.

Akbar's reign greatly influenced the course of Indian history. During his reign, the Mughal Empire tripled in size and wealth. He created a powerful military system and instituted effective political and social reforms. By abolishing the sectarian tax on non-Muslims and appointing them to senior civil and military positions, he was the first Mughal ruler to gain the trust and loyalty of indigenous subjects. He had Sanskrit literature translated, participated in indigenous festivals, realizing that a stable empire depended on the cooperation and goodwill of his subjects. Thus, the foundations of a multicultural empire under Mughal rule were laid during his reign. Akbar was succeeded as emperor by his son, Prince Salim, later known as Jahangir.